/*! tailwindcss v4.3.0 | MIT License | https://tailwindcss.com */
@layer properties{@supports (((-webkit-hyphens:none)) and (not (margin-trim:inline))) or ((-moz-orient:inline) and (not (color:rgb(from red r g b)))){*,:before,:after,::backdrop{--tw-rotate-x:initial;--tw-rotate-y:initial;--tw-rotate-z:initial;--tw-skew-x:initial;--tw-skew-y:initial;--tw-border-style:solid;--tw-shadow:0 0 #0000;--tw-shadow-color:initial;--tw-shadow-alpha:100%;--tw-inset-shadow:0 0 #0000;--tw-inset-shadow-color:initial;--tw-inset-shadow-alpha:100%;--tw-ring-color:initial;--tw-ring-shadow:0 0 #0000;--tw-inset-ring-color:initial;--tw-inset-ring-shadow:0 0 #0000;--tw-ring-inset:initial;--tw-ring-offset-width:0px;--tw-ring-offset-color:#fff;--tw-ring-offset-shadow:0 0 #0000;--tw-outline-style:solid;--tw-blur:initial;--tw-brightness:initial;--tw-contrast:initial;--tw-grayscale:initial;--tw-hue-rotate:initial;--tw-invert:initial;--tw-opacity:initial;--tw-saturate:initial;--tw-sepia:initial;--tw-drop-shadow:initial;--tw-drop-shadow-color:initial;--tw-drop-shadow-alpha:100%;--tw-drop-shadow-size:initial;--tw-backdrop-blur:initial;--tw-backdrop-brightness:initial;--tw-backdrop-contrast:initial;--tw-backdrop-grayscale:initial;--tw-backdrop-hue-rotate:initial;--tw-backdrop-invert:initial;--tw-backdrop-opacity:initial;--tw-backdrop-saturate:initial;--tw-backdrop-sepia:initial}}}@layer theme{:root,:host{--font-sans:ui-sans-serif, system-ui, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji";--font-mono:ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace;--default-transition-duration:.15s;--default-transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.4, 0, .2, 1);--default-font-family:ui-sans-serif, system-ui, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji";--default-mono-font-family:var(--font-mono)}}@layer base{*,:after,:before,::backdrop{box-sizing:border-box;border:0 solid;margin:0;padding:0}::file-selector-button{box-sizing:border-box;border:0 solid;margin:0;padding:0}html,:host{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;tab-size:4;line-height:1.5;font-family:var(--default-font-family,ui-sans-serif, system-ui, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji");font-feature-settings:var(--default-font-feature-settings,normal);font-variation-settings:var(--default-font-variation-settings,normal);-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}hr{height:0;color:inherit;border-top-width:1px}abbr:where([title]){-webkit-text-decoration:underline dotted;text-decoration:underline dotted}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit}a{color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit}b,strong{font-weight:bolder}code,kbd,samp,pre{font-family:var(--default-mono-font-family,ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace);font-feature-settings:var(--default-mono-font-feature-settings,normal);font-variation-settings:var(--default-mono-font-variation-settings,normal);font-size:1em}small{font-size:80%}sub,sup{vertical-align:baseline;font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative}sub{bottom:-.25em}sup{top:-.5em}table{text-indent:0;border-color:inherit;border-collapse:collapse}:-moz-focusring{outline:auto}progress{vertical-align:baseline}summary{display:list-item}ol,ul,menu{list-style:none}img,svg,video,canvas,audio,iframe,embed,object{vertical-align:middle;display:block}img,video{max-width:100%;height:auto}button,input,select,optgroup,textarea{font:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;font-variation-settings:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;color:inherit;opacity:1;background-color:#0000;border-radius:0}::file-selector-button{font:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;font-variation-settings:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;color:inherit;opacity:1;background-color:#0000;border-radius:0}:where(select:is([multiple],[size])) optgroup{font-weight:bolder}:where(select:is([multiple],[size])) optgroup option{padding-inline-start:20px}::file-selector-button{margin-inline-end:4px}::placeholder{opacity:1}@supports (not ((-webkit-appearance:-apple-pay-button))) or (contain-intrinsic-size:1px){::placeholder{color:currentColor}@supports (color:color-mix(in lab, red, red)){::placeholder{color:color-mix(in oklab, currentcolor 50%, transparent)}}}textarea{resize:vertical}::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-date-and-time-value{min-height:1lh;text-align:inherit}::-webkit-datetime-edit{display:inline-flex}::-webkit-datetime-edit-fields-wrapper{padding:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-year-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-month-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-day-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-hour-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-minute-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-second-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-millisecond-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-meridiem-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-calendar-picker-indicator{line-height:1}:-moz-ui-invalid{box-shadow:none}button,input:where([type=button],[type=reset],[type=submit]){appearance:button}::file-selector-button{appearance:button}::-webkit-inner-spin-button{height:auto}::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}[hidden]:where(:not([hidden=until-found])){display:none!important}}@layer components;@layer utilities{.collapse{visibility:collapse}.visible{visibility:visible}.sr-only{clip-path:inset(50%);white-space:nowrap;border-width:0;width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;padding:0;position:absolute;overflow:hidden}.static{position:static}.sticky{position:sticky}.container{width:100%}@media (width>=40rem){.container{max-width:40rem}}@media (width>=48rem){.container{max-width:48rem}}@media (width>=64rem){.container{max-width:64rem}}@media (width>=80rem){.container{max-width:80rem}}@media (width>=96rem){.container{max-width:96rem}}.block{display:block}.contents{display:contents}.grid{display:grid}.hidden{display:none}.inline{display:inline}.grow{flex-grow:1}.transform{transform:var(--tw-rotate-x,) var(--tw-rotate-y,) var(--tw-rotate-z,) var(--tw-skew-x,) var(--tw-skew-y,)}.resize{resize:both}.flex-wrap{flex-wrap:wrap}.rounded{border-radius:.25rem}.border{border-style:var(--tw-border-style);border-width:1px}.underline{text-decoration-line:underline}.underline-offset-2{text-underline-offset:2px}.antialiased{-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}.shadow{--tw-shadow:0 1px 3px 0 var(--tw-shadow-color,#0000001a), 0 1px 2px -1px var(--tw-shadow-color,#0000001a);box-shadow:var(--tw-inset-shadow), var(--tw-inset-ring-shadow), var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow), var(--tw-ring-shadow), var(--tw-shadow)}.ring{--tw-ring-shadow:var(--tw-ring-inset,) 0 0 0 calc(1px + var(--tw-ring-offset-width)) var(--tw-ring-color,currentcolor);box-shadow:var(--tw-inset-shadow), var(--tw-inset-ring-shadow), var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow), var(--tw-ring-shadow), var(--tw-shadow)}.outline{outline-style:var(--tw-outline-style);outline-width:1px}.blur{--tw-blur:blur(8px);filter:var(--tw-blur,) var(--tw-brightness,) var(--tw-contrast,) var(--tw-grayscale,) var(--tw-hue-rotate,) var(--tw-invert,) var(--tw-saturate,) var(--tw-sepia,) var(--tw-drop-shadow,)}.drop-shadow{--tw-drop-shadow-size:drop-shadow(0 1px 2px var(--tw-drop-shadow-color,#0000001a)) drop-shadow(0 1px 1px var(--tw-drop-shadow-color,#0000000f));--tw-drop-shadow:drop-shadow(0 1px 2px #0000001a) drop-shadow(0 1px 1px #0000000f);filter:var(--tw-blur,) var(--tw-brightness,) var(--tw-contrast,) var(--tw-grayscale,) var(--tw-hue-rotate,) var(--tw-invert,) var(--tw-saturate,) var(--tw-sepia,) var(--tw-drop-shadow,)}.grayscale{--tw-grayscale:grayscale(100%);filter:var(--tw-blur,) var(--tw-brightness,) var(--tw-contrast,) var(--tw-grayscale,) var(--tw-hue-rotate,) var(--tw-invert,) var(--tw-saturate,) var(--tw-sepia,) var(--tw-drop-shadow,)}.invert{--tw-invert:invert(100%);filter:var(--tw-blur,) var(--tw-brightness,) var(--tw-contrast,) var(--tw-grayscale,) var(--tw-hue-rotate,) var(--tw-invert,) var(--tw-saturate,) var(--tw-sepia,) var(--tw-drop-shadow,)}.filter{filter:var(--tw-blur,) var(--tw-brightness,) var(--tw-contrast,) var(--tw-grayscale,) var(--tw-hue-rotate,) var(--tw-invert,) var(--tw-saturate,) var(--tw-sepia,) var(--tw-drop-shadow,)}.backdrop-filter{-webkit-backdrop-filter:var(--tw-backdrop-blur,) var(--tw-backdrop-brightness,) var(--tw-backdrop-contrast,) var(--tw-backdrop-grayscale,) var(--tw-backdrop-hue-rotate,) var(--tw-backdrop-invert,) var(--tw-backdrop-opacity,) var(--tw-backdrop-saturate,) var(--tw-backdrop-sepia,);backdrop-filter:var(--tw-backdrop-blur,) var(--tw-backdrop-brightness,) var(--tw-backdrop-contrast,) var(--tw-backdrop-grayscale,) var(--tw-backdrop-hue-rotate,) var(--tw-backdrop-invert,) var(--tw-backdrop-opacity,) var(--tw-backdrop-saturate,) var(--tw-backdrop-sepia,)}.transition{transition-property:color,background-color,border-color,outline-color,text-decoration-color,fill,stroke,--tw-gradient-from,--tw-gradient-via,--tw-gradient-to,opacity,box-shadow,transform,translate,scale,rotate,filter,-webkit-backdrop-filter,backdrop-filter,display,content-visibility,overlay,pointer-events;transition-timing-function:var(--tw-ease,var(--default-transition-timing-function));transition-duration:var(--tw-duration,var(--default-transition-duration))}}@font-face{font-family:Site Inter;src:url(/files/fonts/inter-v4.1/InterVariable.woff2)format("woff2");font-style:normal;font-weight:100 900;font-display:swap}:root{--publication-motion-ease:cubic-bezier(.32, .72, 0, 1);--publication-motion-duration:.25s;--publication-fade-duration:.2s;--lightningcss-light:initial;--lightningcss-dark: ;color-scheme:light;--color-page-bg:#fdfdfc;--color-ink:#15120f;--color-muted:#73716c;--color-line:#f2f1ee;--color-border-warm:#dfdcd4;--color-black:#000;--color-selection-highlight:#fef08a;--color-selection-ink:#15120f;--color-apple-blue:#0071e3;--color-venue-ieee-vr:#262189;--color-venue-ieee-vr-text:var(--color-venue-ieee-vr);--color-news-venue-accent:var(--color-venue-ieee-vr-text);--color-venue-mmsys:#185669;--color-venue-mmsys-text:var(--color-venue-mmsys);--color-venue-ismar:#008efc;--color-venue-ismar-text:#006bbd;--color-award:#f2cb00;--color-gold-dark:#92400e;--color-award-text:#f4b542;--color-resource-link:var(--color-gold-dark);--color-nav-muted:var(--color-muted);--color-nav-muted-hover:var(--color-ink);--color-link-decoration-muted:#73716c66;--color-link-decoration-ink:#15120f99;--color-chip-text-muted:#3c3c3c;--color-footer-note:var(--color-muted);--education-logo-mono-filter:grayscale(100%) brightness(80%) contrast(200%);--education-logo-mono-opacity:.85;--font-sans:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Site Inter", system-ui, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;--font-serif-sc:"Noto Serif SC", serif;--font-handwritten:"Shantell Sans", cursive;--type-feature-serif:"kern" 1, "liga" 1, "clig" 1;--type-feature-sans:"kern" 1, "liga" 1, "clig" 1;--type-brand-size:22px;--type-brand-line-height:26px;--type-display-hero-size:48px;--type-display-hero-weight:400;--type-display-hero-line-height:49px;--type-display-hero-tracking:-1.92px;--type-display-secondary-size:36px;--type-display-secondary-weight:400;--type-display-secondary-line-height:37px;--type-display-secondary-tracking:-.96px;--type-body-size:16px;--type-body-weight:400;--type-body-line-height:24px;--type-body-tracking:normal;--type-body-bio-size:18px;--type-body-bio-weight:400;--type-body-bio-line-height:29px;--type-body-bio-tracking:0;--type-nav-label-size:13px;--type-nav-label-weight:400;--type-nav-label-line-height:19.95px;--type-nav-label-tracking:normal;--type-caption-size:14px;--type-caption-weight:400;--type-caption-line-height:20.02px;--type-caption-tracking:0;--type-badge-micro-size:12px;--type-badge-micro-weight:600;--type-badge-micro-line-height:15.96px;--type-badge-micro-tracking:normal;--type-section-tracking:normal;--type-uppercase-tracking:.03em;--width-rail-level-1:1100px;--width-rail-level-2:1060px;--space-2:2px;--space-4:4px;--space-6:6px;--space-8:8px;--space-10:10px;--space-12:12px;--space-16:16px;--space-20:20px;--space-24:24px;--space-28:28px;--space-32:32px;--space-48:48px;--space-page-start:clamp(var(--space-24), 3vw, var(--space-28));--space-section-between:var(--space-48);--space-section-heading-content:var(--space-32);--space-list-item:var(--space-24);--space-gutter-fluid:clamp(var(--space-16), 3vw, var(--space-32));--space-col-gap-fluid:clamp(var(--space-20), 4vw, 56px);--space-col-gap-tight:clamp(14px, 2.5vw, var(--space-24));--space-bio-paragraph-break:.6em;--radius-badge:999px;--sticker-shadow-base:drop-shadow(.5px 1px .8px #24201c47) drop-shadow(1px 2px 2px #24201c0d);--sticker-shadow-hover:drop-shadow(.75px 1.5px 1px #24201c42) drop-shadow(1.5px 3px 2.5px #24201c0f);--sticker-shadow-venue-hover:drop-shadow(1px 2px 1.2px #24201c3d) drop-shadow(2px 4px 3px #24201c12)}:root[data-theme=dark]{--lightningcss-light: ;--lightningcss-dark:initial;color-scheme:dark;--color-page-bg:#191919;--color-ink:#e7e5e2;--color-muted:#a6a39e;--color-line:#2f2e2b;--color-border-warm:#3b3a37;--color-selection-highlight:#665126;--color-selection-ink:#fff4da;--color-apple-blue:#70b5ff;--color-venue-ieee-vr-text:#7c77de;--color-venue-mmsys-text:#2c9cbf;--color-venue-ismar-text:var(--color-venue-ismar);--color-award-text:var(--color-award);--color-resource-link:#bd8c6e;--color-link-decoration-muted:#a6a39e66;--color-link-decoration-ink:#e7e5e299;--color-chip-text-muted:var(--color-ink);--education-logo-mono-filter:grayscale(1) brightness(.8) invert(1) brightness(.9);--education-logo-mono-opacity:.9;--sticker-shadow-base:drop-shadow(.5px 1px .8px #0006) drop-shadow(1px 2px 2px #0000001f)}body{background-color:var(--color-page-bg);flex-direction:column;min-height:100vh;display:flex}body>.site-shell{flex:1 0 auto}html{background-color:var(--color-page-bg);scrollbar-gutter:stable;overflow-y:auto}@supports not (scrollbar-gutter:stable){html{overflow-y:scroll}}a{color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit}.inline-link{color:inherit;text-decoration-line:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-muted);-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-muted);-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-muted);text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-muted);text-underline-offset:.15em;text-decoration-thickness:1px;transition:text-decoration-color .18s,text-decoration-thickness .18s,text-underline-offset .18s}.inline-link:hover,.inline-link:focus-visible{-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-ink);-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-ink);-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-ink);text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-ink);text-underline-offset:.2em;text-decoration-thickness:1.5px}.inline-link:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--color-apple-blue);outline-offset:2px;border-radius:2px}.profile-bio .inline-link--person-name{white-space:nowrap}::selection{background-color:var(--color-selection-highlight);color:var(--color-selection-ink)}.text-ink{color:var(--color-ink)}.text-muted{color:var(--color-muted)}.text-resource-muted{color:var(--color-chip-text-muted)}.editorial-grid-row{gap:var(--space-8);grid-template-columns:1fr;display:grid}@media (width>=640px){.editorial-grid-row{gap:var(--space-32);grid-template-columns:140px minmax(0,1fr) auto;align-items:start}}.editorial-media-row{row-gap:var(--space-10);column-gap:var(--space-12);grid-template-rows:auto auto;grid-template-columns:1fr auto;display:grid}.editorial-media-row>.editorial-date-column{grid-area:1/1;align-self:end}.editorial-media-row>.editorial-detail-column{grid-area:2/1/auto/-1}.editorial-media-row>.editorial-media-column{grid-area:1/2;align-self:end}.editorial-education-row>.editorial-logo-column{width:80px}.editorial-education-row .editorial-education-logo-mono,.editorial-education-row .editorial-education-logo-color{max-width:80px;height:42px}.editorial-service-row{row-gap:var(--space-6)}.editorial-service-row>.editorial-date-column{margin-bottom:var(--space-4);align-self:start}.editorial-service-row>.editorial-detail-column{display:contents}.editorial-service-row .editorial-item-title{grid-area:2/1;align-self:end;margin-bottom:0}.editorial-service-row .editorial-item-subtitle{grid-area:3/1/auto/-1}.editorial-service-row>.service-mascot-column{grid-row:1/3;align-self:end}@media (width>=640px){.editorial-media-row{row-gap:0;column-gap:var(--space-32);grid-template-rows:auto;grid-template-columns:140px minmax(0,1fr) auto;align-items:start}.editorial-media-row>.editorial-date-column,.editorial-media-row>.editorial-detail-column,.editorial-media-row>.editorial-media-column{grid-area:auto;align-self:start}.editorial-education-row>.editorial-logo-column{width:120px;translate:10px}.editorial-education-row .editorial-education-logo-mono,.editorial-education-row .editorial-education-logo-color{max-width:120px;height:56px}.editorial-service-row{row-gap:0}.editorial-service-row>.editorial-date-column{margin-bottom:0}.editorial-service-row>.editorial-detail-column{display:block}.editorial-service-row .editorial-item-title{margin-bottom:var(--space-6)}}.editorial-date-column{font-family:var(--font-serif-sc);font-variant-numeric:oldstyle-nums;gap:var(--space-4);padding-top:var(--space-2);flex-direction:column;display:flex}.editorial-date-end{color:var(--color-ink);font-size:17px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.2}.editorial-date-end.editorial-date-present{font-size:20px;font-weight:600}.editorial-date-start{color:var(--color-muted);font-size:15px;font-style:normal;line-height:1.2}.editorial-detail-column{min-width:0}.editorial-item-title{font-family:var(--font-serif-sc);color:var(--color-ink);margin-bottom:var(--space-6);font-size:18px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.2}.editorial-item-subtitle{font-family:var(--font-serif-sc);color:var(--color-muted);gap:var(--space-2);flex-direction:column;display:flex}.editorial-inst-name{color:var(--color-ink);font-size:16px;font-style:normal}.editorial-inst-name strong{font-weight:600}.editorial-inst-sub{color:var(--color-muted);font-size:15px;font-style:normal}.teaching-meta-grid{align-items:baseline;column-gap:var(--space-12);row-gap:var(--space-2);grid-template-columns:max-content minmax(0,1fr);display:grid}.teaching-course,.teaching-instructor{display:contents}.teaching-course-code,.teaching-course-name,.teaching-course-detail{color:var(--color-ink);font-size:16px;font-style:normal}.teaching-course-code{white-space:nowrap;font-weight:600}.teaching-course-name{min-width:0}.teaching-course-detail{grid-column:1/-1}.teaching-instructor-label,.teaching-instructor-names{color:var(--color-muted);font-size:15px;font-style:normal}.teaching-instructor-label{font-weight:500}.teaching-instructor-names{min-width:0}.teaching-instructor-name{white-space:nowrap}.editorial-news-content{font-family:var(--font-serif-sc);color:var(--color-ink);font-size:16px;line-height:var(--type-body-line-height)}.editorial-logo-column{padding-top:var(--space-4);flex-shrink:0;grid-template-areas:"logo";place-items:start end;width:120px;display:grid}.editorial-education-logo-mono,.editorial-education-logo-color{object-fit:contain;object-position:center;grid-area:logo;width:100%;max-width:120px;height:56px}.editorial-education-logo-mono{opacity:var(--education-logo-mono-opacity);filter:var(--education-logo-mono-filter);transition:opacity .35s ease-in-out}.editorial-education-logo-color{opacity:0;pointer-events:none;transition:opacity .35s ease-in-out}.editorial-education-row:hover .editorial-education-logo-mono{opacity:0}.editorial-education-row:hover .editorial-education-logo-color{opacity:1}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.editorial-education-logo-mono,.editorial-education-logo-color{transition:none}}.publication-preview{border:1px solid var(--color-border-warm);background:var(--color-page-bg);z-index:50;aspect-ratio:8/5;pointer-events:none;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;width:clamp(200px,25vw,320px);transition:opacity var(--publication-fade-duration) var(--publication-motion-ease), visibility var(--publication-fade-duration);border-radius:8px;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;overflow:hidden}.publication-preview.is-visible{opacity:1;visibility:visible}.publication-preview-frame{opacity:0;transition:opacity var(--publication-fade-duration) var(--publication-motion-ease);background:#fdfdfc;position:absolute;inset:0}.publication-preview-frame.is-current{opacity:1}.publication-preview-frame img{object-fit:cover;object-position:center bottom;width:100%;height:100%;display:block}.publication-preview.is-instant,.publication-preview.is-preparing .publication-preview-frame,.publication-preview.is-instant .publication-preview-frame{transition:none}.publication-preview-frame .publication-preview-image--contain{object-fit:contain;object-position:center}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.publication-preview,.publication-preview-frame{transition:none}}.editorial-publication-item{padding-bottom:var(--space-24);margin-bottom:var(--space-24);border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-border-warm);width:100%;position:relative}.publication-summary{margin-bottom:var(--space-12);display:flow-root;position:relative}.publication-summary>.publication-authors-serif{margin-bottom:0}.publication-title-highlight{-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;transition:background-color var(--publication-fade-duration) var(--publication-motion-ease);background-color:#0000;border-radius:2px}.is-preview-active .publication-title-highlight{background-color:var(--color-ink)}@supports (color:color-mix(in lab, red, red)){.is-preview-active .publication-title-highlight{background-color:color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-ink) 6%, transparent)}}.is-preview-instant .publication-title-highlight{transition:none}@media (hover:hover) and (pointer:fine) and (prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){.editorial-publication-item .publication-title-serif{transition:transform var(--publication-motion-duration) var(--publication-motion-ease)}.is-preview-active:not(.is-preview-instant) .publication-title-serif{transform:translate(2px,-3px)}.is-preview-instant .publication-title-serif{transition:none}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.publication-title-highlight{transition:none}}.editorial-publication-item:last-child{border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.publication-eyebrow{font-family:var(--font-sans);font-optical-sizing:auto;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:var(--type-uppercase-tracking);color:var(--color-muted);margin-bottom:var(--space-8);align-items:baseline;gap:var(--space-6);flex-wrap:wrap;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5;display:flex}.publication-eyebrow-group{align-items:baseline;gap:var(--space-6);min-width:0;max-width:100%;display:inline-flex}.publication-eyebrow-group>:last-child{overflow-wrap:anywhere;min-width:0}.publication-eyebrow-separator{color:var(--color-muted);height:.75em;margin:0 var(--space-2);border-left:1px solid;flex-shrink:0;align-self:center}.publication-eyebrow-venue{font-weight:700}.publication-eyebrow.venue-ieee-vr .publication-eyebrow-venue{color:var(--color-venue-ieee-vr-text)}.publication-eyebrow a{color:inherit;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none;transition:color .2s}.publication-eyebrow a:hover,.publication-eyebrow a:focus-visible{color:var(--color-ink)}.publication-eyebrow.venue-ieee-vr a:hover,.publication-eyebrow.venue-ieee-vr a:focus-visible{color:var(--color-venue-ieee-vr-text)}.publication-eyebrow-dash{margin:0 var(--space-4)}.publication-eyebrow-award{color:var(--color-award-text);font-weight:700}.publication-title-serif{font-family:var(--font-serif-sc);color:var(--color-ink);margin-bottom:var(--space-8);font-size:20px;line-height:1.3}.publication-authors-serif{font-family:var(--font-serif-sc);color:var(--color-ink);margin-bottom:var(--space-12);font-size:16px;line-height:var(--type-body-line-height)}.publication-authors-serif strong{font-weight:inherit;white-space:nowrap}.publication-bracket-links{font-family:var(--font-serif-sc);gap:var(--space-12);flex-wrap:wrap;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;display:flex}.publication-bracket-links a{color:var(--color-resource-link);padding:0 var(--space-4);align-items:baseline;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex;position:relative;transform:translateZ(0)}.publication-bracket-links>a:first-child{padding-left:0}.bracket-text{align-items:baseline;display:inline-flex}.bracket-text:before{content:"↗ ";opacity:0;white-space:pre;vertical-align:baseline;will-change:max-width, opacity;max-width:0;transition:max-width .26s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1),opacity .26s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1);display:inline-block;overflow:hidden}.publication-bracket-links a:hover .bracket-text:before,.publication-bracket-links a:focus-visible .bracket-text:before{opacity:1;max-width:1.2em}.publication-bracket-links a:after{content:"";opacity:0;transform-origin:0;will-change:transform, opacity;background:currentColor;width:100%;height:1px;transition:opacity .26s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1),transform .26s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1);position:absolute;bottom:-1px;left:0;transform:scaleX(0)}.publication-bracket-links a:hover:after,.publication-bracket-links a:focus-visible:after{opacity:1;transform:scaleX(1)}.type-brand{font-family:var(--font-serif-sc);font-size:var(--type-brand-size);font-feature-settings:var(--type-feature-serif);line-height:var(--type-brand-line-height)}.type-nav{font-family:var(--font-sans);font-optical-sizing:auto;font-size:var(--type-nav-label-size);font-weight:var(--type-nav-label-weight);line-height:var(--type-nav-label-line-height);letter-spacing:var(--type-nav-label-tracking);text-transform:none;font-feature-settings:var(--type-feature-sans)}.type-title-hero{font-family:var(--font-serif-sc);font-size:var(--type-display-hero-size);font-feature-settings:var(--type-feature-serif);font-weight:var(--type-display-hero-weight);line-height:var(--type-display-hero-line-height);letter-spacing:var(--type-display-hero-tracking)}.type-title-hero-sub{font-family:var(--font-serif-sc);font-size:var(--type-display-secondary-size);font-feature-settings:var(--type-feature-serif);font-weight:var(--type-display-secondary-weight);line-height:var(--type-display-secondary-line-height);letter-spacing:var(--type-display-secondary-tracking)}.type-title-section{font-family:var(--font-sans);font-optical-sizing:auto;letter-spacing:var(--type-section-tracking);text-transform:none;color:var(--color-ink);margin:0;font-size:16px;font-weight:500;line-height:20px}.type-title-subsection{font-family:var(--font-sans);font-optical-sizing:auto;letter-spacing:normal;text-transform:none;color:var(--color-muted);font-feature-settings:"tnum" on, var(--type-feature-sans);margin:0;font-size:16px;font-weight:400;line-height:1.4}.type-body{font-family:var(--font-sans);font-optical-sizing:auto;font-feature-settings:var(--type-feature-sans);font-size:var(--type-body-size);font-weight:var(--type-body-weight);line-height:var(--type-body-line-height);letter-spacing:var(--type-body-tracking)}.type-body-bio{font-family:var(--font-serif-sc);font-size:var(--type-body-bio-size);font-weight:var(--type-body-bio-weight);font-feature-settings:var(--type-feature-serif);line-height:var(--type-body-bio-line-height);letter-spacing:var(--type-body-bio-tracking)}.bio-paragraph{display:block}.bio-paragraph--spaced{margin-top:var(--space-bio-paragraph-break);display:block}.bio-stack{gap:var(--space-28);flex-direction:column;width:100%;display:flex}.type-body-sm{font-family:var(--font-serif-sc);font-size:var(--type-caption-size);font-weight:var(--type-caption-weight);line-height:var(--type-caption-line-height);letter-spacing:var(--type-caption-tracking)}.type-label{font-family:var(--font-sans);font-optical-sizing:auto;font-size:var(--type-badge-micro-size);font-feature-settings:var(--type-feature-sans);font-weight:var(--type-badge-micro-weight);line-height:var(--type-badge-micro-line-height);letter-spacing:var(--type-badge-micro-tracking)}.section-rail-l1,.section-rail-l2{width:100%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.section-rail-l1{max-width:var(--width-rail-level-1)}.section-rail-l2{max-width:var(--width-rail-level-2)}.section-heading-row{border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-border-warm);width:100%;padding-bottom:var(--space-6);display:block}.site-shell{width:100%;position:relative}.site-page-stack{flex-direction:column;align-items:center;width:100%;display:flex}.page-content-stack{align-items:center;gap:var(--space-section-between);width:100%;padding-top:var(--space-page-start);flex-direction:column;display:flex}.site-page-stack--screen{min-height:100vh}.site-header{z-index:40;background:var(--color-page-bg);width:100%;position:sticky;top:0}.site-header-frame{width:100%;padding-inline:var(--space-gutter-fluid);justify-content:center;align-items:center;display:flex}.site-header-inner{width:100%;min-width:0;max-width:var(--width-rail-level-1);justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:var(--space-16);height:48px;display:flex}.site-header-brand{flex:none;justify-content:center;align-items:center;width:20px;display:flex}.site-header-nav{justify-content:flex-end;align-items:center;gap:var(--space-4);min-width:0;color:var(--color-muted);white-space:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap;flex:auto;display:flex}.site-header-rule{background-color:var(--color-line);width:100%;height:1px}.site-header-link{min-width:0;height:36px;padding:0 var(--space-10);color:var(--color-nav-muted);cursor:pointer;border-radius:4px;flex:0 auto;justify-content:center;align-items:center;line-height:1;text-decoration:none;transition:color .16s;display:inline-flex;position:relative}a.site-header-link:hover{color:var(--color-nav-muted-hover)}.site-header-link:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--color-apple-blue);outline-offset:2px;color:var(--color-nav-muted-hover)}.site-header-link[aria-current=page],.site-header-link[aria-current=location]{color:var(--color-ink)}span.site-header-link{cursor:default;transition:none}.site-theme-toggle{width:36px;height:36px;color:var(--color-nav-muted);cursor:pointer;background:0 0;border:0;border-radius:4px;flex:none;place-items:center;padding:0;display:grid}.site-theme-toggle[hidden]{display:none}@media (hover:hover) and (pointer:fine){.site-theme-toggle:hover{color:var(--color-ink)}}@media (hover:hover) and (pointer:fine) and (prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){.site-theme-toggle:not(:focus-visible){transition:transform .1s cubic-bezier(.23,1,.32,1)}.site-theme-toggle:active:not(:focus-visible){transition-duration:.16s;transform:scale(.97)}}.site-theme-toggle:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--color-apple-blue);outline-offset:2px;color:var(--color-ink)}.site-theme-icon{stroke-width:1.5px;width:18px;height:18px}.site-theme-morph{stroke-width:1.5px;width:18px;height:18px;display:none}.site-theme-icon--sun,:root[data-theme=dark] .site-theme-icon--moon{display:none}:root[data-theme=dark] .site-theme-icon--sun{display:block}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){:root[data-theme-transition] .site-theme-toggle{view-transition-name:theme-control}:root[data-theme-transition]::view-transition{pointer-events:none}:root[data-theme-transition]::view-transition-group(*){animation:none}:root[data-theme-transition]::view-transition-old(root){mix-blend-mode:normal;animation:none}:root[data-theme-transition]::view-transition-new(root){mix-blend-mode:normal;animation:none}:root[data-theme-transition]::view-transition-old(root){z-index:1}:root[data-theme-transition]::view-transition-new(root){z-index:2;animation:.28s cubic-bezier(.23,1,.32,1) both theme-crossfade}:root[data-theme-transition]::view-transition-old(theme-control){mix-blend-mode:normal}:root[data-theme-transition]::view-transition-new(theme-control){mix-blend-mode:normal}:root[data-theme-transition]::view-transition-old(theme-control){animation:.16s cubic-bezier(.23,1,.32,1) both theme-control-out}:root[data-theme-transition]::view-transition-new(theme-control){animation:.16s cubic-bezier(.23,1,.32,1) both theme-control-in}}@keyframes theme-crossfade{0%{opacity:0}to{opacity:1}}@keyframes theme-control-out{to{opacity:0;transform:scale(.95)}}@keyframes theme-control-in{0%{opacity:0;transform:scale(.95)}to{opacity:1;transform:scale(1)}}@supports (d:path("M0 0")){:root .site-theme-toggle .site-theme-icon{display:none}.site-theme-morph{display:block}.site-theme-disc{d:path("M20.313 15.446 C19.039 18.5115 16.1809 20.6267 12.8769 20.9494 C9.5729 21.272 6.3596 19.7497 4.5166 16.9886 C2.6736 14.2275 2.5001 10.676 4.0654 7.7485 C5.6306 4.821 8.6803 2.9928 12 2.992 C12 3 12.263 3 12.393 3 C10.6664 4.6043 9.7944 6.927 10.0386 9.2712 C10.2828 11.6155 11.6147 13.7085 13.6349 14.9226 C15.655 16.1367 18.1284 16.3306 20.313 15.446 Z")}:root[data-theme=dark] .site-theme-disc{d:path("M15.6955 13.5307 C15.1307 14.8943 13.8609 15.8361 12.3921 15.9807 C10.9232 16.1254 9.4941 15.4495 8.6741 14.2223 C7.8541 12.9951 7.7765 11.4161 8.4723 10.1144 C9.168 8.8127 10.5241 8 12 8 C12 8 12 8 12 8 C12.8805 8 13.7365 8.2906 14.435 8.8266 C15.1336 9.3626 15.6358 10.1142 15.8637 10.9647 C16.0916 11.8152 16.0325 12.7172 15.6955 13.5307 Z")}.site-theme-rays{opacity:0;transform-origin:50%;transform-box:view-box;transform:scale(.65)}:root[data-theme=dark] .site-theme-rays{opacity:1;transform:scale(1)}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){:root[data-theme-transition] .site-theme-disc{transition:d .24s cubic-bezier(.32,.72,0,1)}:root[data-theme-transition] .site-theme-rays{transition:opacity .12s,transform .18s cubic-bezier(.23,1,.32,1)}:root[data-theme-transition]::view-transition-old(theme-control){opacity:0;animation:none}:root[data-theme-transition]::view-transition-new(theme-control){animation:none}}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){:root[data-theme-transition]::view-transition-group(*){animation:none}:root[data-theme-transition]::view-transition-old(*){animation:none}:root[data-theme-transition]::view-transition-new(*){animation:none}}.news-mascot-column{flex-shrink:0;justify-content:flex-end;align-self:center;align-items:center;width:80px;display:flex}.news-mascot-sticker{--news-sticker-rest:rotate(-4deg) scale(1) translateY(0);--news-sticker-link:rotate(-6deg) scale(1.08) translateY(-2px);object-fit:contain;backface-visibility:hidden;width:80px;height:80px;filter:var(--sticker-shadow-base);transform:var(--news-sticker-rest);transform-origin:50%;transition:transform .16s cubic-bezier(.16,1,.3,1);display:block}.news-sticker-stage.is-venue-hover .news-mascot-sticker{transform:var(--news-sticker-link)}.news-entry:has(.news-venue-link:focus-visible) .news-mascot-sticker{transform:var(--news-sticker-link)}@media (hover:hover) and (pointer:fine){.news-entry:has(.news-venue-link:hover) .news-mascot-sticker{transform:var(--news-sticker-link)}}:is(.has-keyboard-motion .news-mascot-sticker,.news-entry:has(.news-venue-link:focus-visible) .news-mascot-sticker){transition:none}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.news-mascot-sticker{transform:var(--news-sticker-rest)!important;transition:none!important}}.service-event{column-gap:var(--space-32);grid-template-columns:max-content minmax(0,1fr);display:grid;position:relative}.service-event a[aria-describedby]{isolation:isolate;text-shadow:-1px 0 var(--color-page-bg), 1px 0 var(--color-page-bg), 0 -1px var(--color-page-bg), 0 1px var(--color-page-bg);text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;position:relative}.service-event a[aria-describedby]:after{content:"";z-index:-1;background:var(--color-link-decoration-muted);transform-origin:0 0;width:100%;height:1px;transition:transform .18s,background-color .18s;position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0;transform:translateY(-.05em)scaleY(1)}.service-event a[aria-describedby]:focus-visible:after{background:var(--service-venue-hover-color,var(--color-venue-mmsys-text));transform:translateY(0)scaleY(1.5)}.service-event:has(.service-event-tooltip.is-open) a[aria-describedby]:after{background:var(--service-venue-hover-color,var(--color-venue-mmsys-text));transform:translateY(0)scaleY(1.5)}@media (hover:hover) and (pointer:fine){.service-event a[aria-describedby]:hover:after{background:var(--service-venue-hover-color,var(--color-venue-mmsys-text));transform:translateY(0)scaleY(1.5)}}.service-event-tooltip{top:calc(100% + var(--space-2));z-index:50;width:max-content;max-width:min(640px,100%);color:var(--color-muted);font-family:var(--font-serif-sc);font-size:15px;font-weight:var(--type-body-weight);line-height:inherit;text-align:left;overflow-wrap:anywhere;visibility:hidden;pointer-events:none;grid-column:2/3;transition:visibility .18s;position:absolute;left:0}.service-event-note{opacity:0;transition:opacity 80ms ease-out;display:block}.service-event-tooltip:before{content:"";top:calc(-1px - var(--space-2));font-size:var(--type-body-size);left:calc(-1 * var(--space-32));width:calc(100% + var(--space-32));background:var(--color-link-decoration-muted);transform-origin:0 0;height:1px;transition:transform .18s,background-color .18s;position:absolute;transform:translateY(-.05em)scaleX(0)}@media (width>=1024px) and (hover:hover) and (pointer:fine){.service-event-tooltip.is-open{visibility:visible;pointer-events:auto;transition:none}.service-event-tooltip.is-open .service-event-note{opacity:1;transition:opacity .1s ease-out}.service-event-tooltip.is-open:before{background:var(--service-venue-hover-color,var(--color-venue-mmsys-text));transform:translateY(0)scaleY(1.5)}}.service-event-tooltip.is-instant,.service-event-tooltip.is-instant .service-event-note,.service-event-tooltip.is-instant:before{transition:none}.service-event:has(.service-event-tooltip.is-instant) a[aria-describedby]:after{transition:none}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.service-event a[aria-describedby]:after,.service-event-tooltip,.service-event-note,.service-event-tooltip:before{transition:none!important}}.editorial-service-row.venue-ismar{--service-sticker-scale:.8;--service-venue-hover-color:var(--color-venue-ismar-text)}.service-mascot-column{flex-shrink:0;justify-content:flex-end;align-items:center;width:60px;display:flex}.service-mascot-sticker{width:calc(60px * var(--service-sticker-scale,1));height:calc(60px * var(--service-sticker-scale,1));object-fit:contain;backface-visibility:hidden;filter:var(--sticker-shadow-base);transform-origin:50%;transition:transform .16s cubic-bezier(.16,1,.3,1);display:block;transform:rotate(-4deg)scale(1)translateY(0)}.editorial-service-row:has(.editorial-inst-name a:focus-visible) .service-mascot-sticker{transition:none;transform:rotate(-6deg)scale(1.08)translateY(-2px)}@media (hover:hover) and (pointer:fine){.editorial-service-row:has(.editorial-inst-name a:hover) .service-mascot-sticker{transform:rotate(-6deg)scale(1.08)translateY(-2px)}}#services .editorial-inst-name a:hover,#services .editorial-inst-name a:focus-visible{color:var(--service-venue-hover-color,var(--color-venue-mmsys-text));-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--service-venue-hover-color,var(--color-venue-mmsys-text));-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--service-venue-hover-color,var(--color-venue-mmsys-text));-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--service-venue-hover-color,var(--color-venue-mmsys-text));text-decoration-color:var(--service-venue-hover-color,var(--color-venue-mmsys-text))}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.service-mascot-sticker{transition:none!important;transform:rotate(-4deg)scale(1)translateY(0)!important}}@media (width>=900px){.service-mascot-column{justify-content:center;width:100px}.service-mascot-sticker{width:calc(100px * var(--service-sticker-scale,1));height:calc(100px * var(--service-sticker-scale,1))}}.section-stack{gap:var(--space-section-heading-content);flex-direction:column;display:flex}.section-stack--center{align-items:center}.contact-row{align-items:center;gap:.8rem;display:flex}.contact-link{color:var(--color-chip-text-muted);text-decoration-line:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-muted);-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-muted);-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-muted);text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-muted);text-underline-offset:3px;text-decoration-thickness:1px;transition:color .18s,text-decoration-color .18s,text-decoration-thickness .18s,text-underline-offset .18s}.contact-link:hover,.contact-link:focus-visible{-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-ink);-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-ink);-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-ink);text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-ink);text-underline-offset:4px;text-decoration-thickness:1.5px}.contact-link:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--color-apple-blue);outline-offset:2px;border-radius:4px}.page-gutter{padding-left:var(--space-gutter-fluid);padding-right:var(--space-gutter-fluid)}.page-section{width:100%}.profile-intro{width:100%;padding-top:var(--space-8);padding-bottom:var(--space-8)}.profile-intro-layout{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:var(--space-col-gap-fluid);flex-direction:column;width:100%;display:flex}.profile-aside{justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:var(--space-10);flex-direction:column;display:flex}.profile-photo-frame{justify-content:center;align-items:center;display:flex;overflow:hidden}.profile-photo{object-fit:cover;width:160px;height:160px}.profile-contact-panel{padding-inline:var(--space-20);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;display:flex}.profile-contact-list{padding-block:var(--space-10);flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:15px;display:flex}.profile-contact-list>.contact-row{gap:var(--space-8);line-height:var(--type-caption-line-height)}.profile-contact-links{justify-content:center;column-gap:var(--space-12);row-gap:var(--space-6);color:var(--color-chip-text-muted);line-height:var(--type-caption-line-height);text-align:center;flex-wrap:wrap;display:flex}.profile-contact-link-item{white-space:nowrap;display:flex}.profile-contact-compact-link{align-items:center;gap:var(--space-8);display:inline-flex}.contact-icon{flex-shrink:0;width:16px;height:16px;display:block}.profile-main{align-items:center;gap:var(--space-24);text-align:center;flex-direction:column;width:100%;min-width:0;display:flex}.profile-name-row{justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:var(--space-col-gap-tight);font-family:var(--font-serif-sc);flex-wrap:wrap;display:flex}.profile-bio{width:100%;color:var(--color-ink);text-align:left}@media (width<=899px){.profile-intro-layout{align-items:center}.profile-aside{align-items:start;column-gap:var(--space-col-gap-tight);row-gap:var(--space-24);grid-template-columns:144px minmax(0,1fr);grid-template-areas:"photo contact""news news";width:min(100%,420px);display:grid}.profile-photo-frame{grid-area:photo;width:100%}.profile-photo{width:clamp(120px,32vw,144px);height:clamp(120px,32vw,144px)}.profile-contact-panel{grid-area:contact;justify-content:center;align-self:center;align-items:flex-start;padding-inline:0}.profile-contact-list{gap:var(--space-8);padding-block:0}.profile-contact-links{text-align:left;flex-direction:column;justify-content:flex-start;row-gap:0}.profile-contact-compact-link{min-height:36px}.profile-news-panel{grid-area:news}}@media (width>=600px) and (width<=899px){.profile-contact-list{gap:0}.profile-contact-list>.contact-row{min-height:36px}}@media (width<=599px){.profile-aside{row-gap:var(--space-16);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);grid-template-areas:"photo""contact""news"}.profile-contact-panel,.profile-contact-list{align-items:center}.profile-contact-links{justify-content:center;column-gap:var(--space-16);text-align:center;flex-direction:row}.profile-contact-compact-link{min-height:44px}.profile-news-panel{margin-top:var(--space-8)}}#news-list,#education-list,#teaching-list,#services-list,#publications-list{width:min(100%, var(--width-rail-level-2));flex-direction:column;max-width:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;padding:0;list-style:none;display:flex}#news-list,#education-list,#teaching-list,#services-list{gap:var(--space-list-item)}.profile-news-panel{--news-sticker-lane:80px;--news-copy-width:calc(100% - var(--news-sticker-lane));--news-mascot-size:72px;gap:var(--space-16);flex-direction:column;width:100%;display:flex}.profile-news-panel>.section-heading-row{width:var(--news-copy-width)}.profile-news-panel #news-list{gap:var(--space-20);width:100%;margin:0}.news-scroll-shell{align-items:stretch;gap:var(--space-4);flex-direction:column;width:100%;min-width:0;display:flex;position:relative}.news-scroll-region{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;min-width:0;margin-inline:0;padding-inline:0}.news-scroll-region.is-scrollable{scroll-snap-type:y mandatory;scrollbar-color:transparent transparent;scrollbar-width:none;padding:0;scroll-padding-block:0;overflow:hidden auto}.news-scroll-region.is-scrollable #news-list>*{min-block-size:var(--news-item-block-size,0);scroll-snap-align:start;scroll-snap-stop:always}.news-scroll-region.is-scrollable::-webkit-scrollbar{width:var(--space-6)}.news-scroll-region.is-scrollable::-webkit-scrollbar-track{background:0 0}.news-scroll-region.is-scrollable::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{border-radius:var(--radius-badge);background:0 0}.news-scroll-region:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--color-apple-blue);outline-offset:2px}.news-scroll-control{--news-chevron-color:var(--color-border-warm);width:44px;height:28px;color:var(--color-border-warm);cursor:pointer;background:0 0;border:0;place-items:center;margin:0 auto;padding:0;transition:color .18s;display:grid}.news-scroll-control[hidden]{display:none}@media (hover:hover) and (pointer:fine){.news-scroll-control:hover{--news-chevron-color:var(--color-nav-muted);color:var(--color-muted)}}.news-scroll-control:focus-visible{--news-chevron-color:var(--color-nav-muted);outline:2px solid var(--color-apple-blue);outline-offset:2px;color:var(--color-muted);border-radius:2px}.news-scroll-chevrons{fill:none;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-width:1.35px;width:20px;height:20px;display:block}.news-scroll-chevrons polyline{stroke:var(--news-chevron-color);transform-box:fill-box;transform-origin:50%;transition:transform .18s cubic-bezier(.77,0,.175,1),stroke .16s,opacity .16s}.news-scroll-chevrons polyline:first-child{opacity:.5;transition-delay:0s}.news-scroll-chevrons polyline:nth-child(2){opacity:.73;transition-delay:40ms}.news-scroll-chevrons polyline:nth-child(3){opacity:.97;transition-delay:80ms}.news-scroll-control.is-up .news-scroll-chevrons polyline{transform:scaleY(-1)}.news-scroll-control.is-up .news-scroll-chevrons polyline:first-child{opacity:.97;transition-delay:80ms}.news-scroll-control.is-up .news-scroll-chevrons polyline:nth-child(2){transition-delay:40ms}.news-scroll-control.is-up .news-scroll-chevrons polyline:nth-child(3){opacity:.5;transition-delay:0s}.news-entry{grid-template-columns:var(--news-copy-width) minmax(0, 1fr);align-items:center;display:grid}.news-entry[hidden]{display:none}.profile-news-panel .editorial-news-row{gap:var(--space-8);flex-direction:column;min-width:0;display:flex}.profile-news-panel .news-mascot-column{justify-content:center;width:100%}.profile-news-panel .news-mascot-sticker{width:min(var(--news-mascot-size), calc(100% - var(--space-20)));aspect-ratio:1;height:auto}.news-sticker-stage{position:absolute;inset-block-start:0;inset-inline-start:var(--news-copy-width)}.profile-news-panel .news-sticker-stage{width:calc(100% - var(--news-copy-width))}.news-sticker-stage[hidden]{display:none}.has-stationary-sticker .news-entry .news-mascot-column{visibility:hidden}.profile-news-panel .news-scroll-control{width:var(--news-copy-width);margin-inline:0}.profile-news-panel .editorial-news-date{flex-direction:row;gap:.3em}.profile-news-panel .editorial-news-date-separator{display:inline}.profile-news-panel .editorial-date-start{font-size:13.5px;line-height:1.25}.profile-news-panel .editorial-news-content{font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.45}.profile-news-panel .news-note{font-size:12.75px}.editorial-news-content{text-wrap:pretty;min-width:0;margin:0}.editorial-news-content strong,.editorial-news-content .news-venue-token{color:inherit;font-weight:600}.editorial-news-content .news-award-token{color:var(--color-award-text);font-weight:700}.editorial-news-content .news-venue-link{--news-venue-hover-color:var(--color-news-venue-accent)}.editorial-news-content .news-venue-token.venue-ieee-vr{--news-venue-hover-color:var(--color-venue-ieee-vr-text)}.editorial-news-content .news-venue-link:hover,.editorial-news-content .news-venue-link:focus-visible{color:var(--news-venue-hover-color);-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--news-venue-hover-color);-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--news-venue-hover-color);-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--news-venue-hover-color);text-decoration-color:var(--news-venue-hover-color)}.news-note{margin-top:var(--space-4);color:var(--color-muted);font-family:var(--font-handwritten);font-size:13.5px;font-weight:400;line-height:1.35}@media (width>=768px){.site-header-inner{gap:var(--space-24)}}@media (width>=900px){.profile-intro{padding-top:var(--space-10);padding-bottom:var(--space-10)}.profile-intro-layout{align-items:start;column-gap:clamp(var(--space-48), 5vw, 56px);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) clamp(304px,30vw,364px);display:grid}.profile-aside{justify-content:flex-start;align-items:stretch;gap:var(--space-12);width:100%}.profile-photo-frame,.profile-contact-panel{width:calc(100% - 100px)}.profile-photo{width:152px;height:152px}.profile-contact-panel{padding-inline:0}.profile-contact-list{align-items:center;gap:var(--space-8);padding-block:0}.profile-news-panel{--news-copy-width:min(264px, calc(100% - 100px));--news-mascot-size:100px;width:100%;margin-top:var(--space-12)}.profile-main{justify-content:flex-start;align-self:start;align-items:flex-start;gap:var(--space-48);text-align:left;flex:1 1 0}.profile-name-row{translate:calc(var(--type-display-hero-size) * -.125) 0;justify-content:flex-start}.profile-bio{text-align:left}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.news-scroll-chevrons polyline{transition-property:stroke,opacity;transition-duration:.12s;transition-delay:0s!important}}.publications-year-list{gap:var(--space-32);flex-direction:column;width:100%;display:flex}.publications-page-divider{border-top:1px solid var(--color-border-warm);padding-top:var(--space-24)}.publication-year-section{align-items:center;gap:var(--space-20);flex-direction:column;width:100%;display:flex}.publication-year-items{flex-direction:column;align-items:center;width:100%;display:flex}.site-footer{border-top:1px solid var(--color-line);background:var(--color-page-bg);width:100%;margin-top:auto}.site-footer-inner{width:100%;max-width:var(--width-rail-level-1);justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:var(--space-10);padding:var(--space-12) var(--space-gutter-fluid);text-align:center;text-wrap:balance;margin:0 auto;display:flex}.site-footer-note{font-family:var(--font-serif-sc);letter-spacing:0;color:var(--color-footer-note);margin:0;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;line-height:14px}.page-colophon{width:100%;padding-top:var(--space-48);padding-right:var(--space-gutter-fluid);padding-bottom:var(--space-32);padding-left:var(--space-gutter-fluid)}.site-footer--colophon{border-top:0}.page-colophon-inner{width:100%;max-width:var(--width-rail-level-1);align-items:center;gap:var(--space-12);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto minmax(0,1fr);margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;display:grid}.page-colophon-copyright{text-align:left}.page-colophon-updated{text-align:right}.page-colophon-updated time{white-space:nowrap}.site-footer--colophon .site-footer-note{font-family:var(--font-serif-sc);font-size:13px;line-height:20px}.site-footer--colophon .halftone-colophon{width:64px;height:32px;-webkit-mask-position:50% -10px;mask-position:50% -10px;-webkit-mask-size:66.6667px 50px;mask-size:66.6667px 50px}.error404-main{flex:1 0 auto;width:100%}.error404-shell{width:100%;max-width:var(--width-rail-level-1);justify-content:center;margin:0 auto;padding-top:clamp(52px,10vh,108px);padding-bottom:clamp(72px,14vh,148px);display:flex}.error404-container{text-align:center;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;width:min(100%,760px);padding:clamp(30px,6vw,56px) 0;display:flex}.error404-kicker{font-family:var(--font-sans);font-optical-sizing:auto;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:var(--type-uppercase-tracking);margin:0;animation:.36s cubic-bezier(.16,1,.3,1) 30ms both error404-reveal}.halftone-colophon{background-color:var(--color-muted);-webkit-mask-source-type:alpha;-webkit-mask-source-type:alpha;width:96px;height:48px;display:block;-webkit-mask-image:url(/files/generated/halftone-colophon.png);mask-image:url(/files/generated/halftone-colophon.png);-webkit-mask-position:50% -15px;mask-position:50% -15px;-webkit-mask-size:100px 75px;mask-size:100px 75px;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat;mask-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-mask-source-type:alpha;mask-mode:alpha}.error404-display{color:var(--color-ink);font-family:var(--font-serif-sc);letter-spacing:-.055em;text-indent:-.055em;font-variant-numeric:oldstyle-nums;margin:18px 0 0;font-size:clamp(7rem,20vw,11rem);font-weight:400;line-height:.82;animation:.44s cubic-bezier(.16,1,.3,1) 90ms both error404-reveal}.error404-copy{margin:var(--space-32) 0 0;max-width:38ch;color:var(--color-ink);text-wrap:balance;animation:.42s cubic-bezier(.16,1,.3,1) .16s both error404-reveal}.error404-actions{margin-top:var(--space-28);align-items:center;gap:var(--space-16);font-family:var(--font-serif-sc);font-size:15px;font-style:italic;line-height:var(--type-body-line-height);justify-content:center;animation:.42s cubic-bezier(.16,1,.3,1) .22s both error404-reveal;display:flex}.error404-separator{color:var(--color-muted);flex:none;font-style:normal}.error404-link{color:var(--color-muted);text-decoration-line:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-muted);-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-muted);-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-muted);text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-muted);text-underline-offset:4px;text-decoration-thickness:1px;transition:color .18s,text-decoration-color .18s,text-underline-offset .18s}.error404-link:hover,.error404-link:focus-visible{color:var(--color-ink);-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-ink);-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-ink);-webkit-text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-ink);text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-decoration-ink);text-underline-offset:5px}.error404-link:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--color-apple-blue);outline-offset:3px;border-radius:2px}@keyframes error404-reveal{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateY(6px)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0)}}@media (width<=640px){.error404-shell{padding-top:clamp(36px,8vh,64px);padding-bottom:clamp(56px,12vh,96px)}.error404-container{padding:30px 18px}.error404-display{margin-top:var(--space-16)}.error404-copy{max-width:27ch;margin-top:var(--space-28)}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.error404-kicker,.error404-display,.error404-copy,.error404-actions{animation:none}.error404-link{transition:none}}@media (width<=520px){.site-header-link,.site-theme-toggle{height:40px}.site-theme-toggle{width:40px}.site-header-link{padding:0 var(--space-8)}}@property --tw-rotate-x{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-rotate-y{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-rotate-z{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-skew-x{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-skew-y{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-border-style{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:solid}@property --tw-shadow{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:0 0 #0000}@property --tw-shadow-color{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-shadow-alpha{syntax:"<percentage>";inherits:false;initial-value:100%}@property --tw-inset-shadow{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:0 0 #0000}@property --tw-inset-shadow-color{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-inset-shadow-alpha{syntax:"<percentage>";inherits:false;initial-value:100%}@property --tw-ring-color{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-ring-shadow{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:0 0 #0000}@property --tw-inset-ring-color{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-inset-ring-shadow{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:0 0 #0000}@property --tw-ring-inset{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-ring-offset-width{syntax:"<length>";inherits:false;initial-value:0}@property --tw-ring-offset-color{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:#fff}@property --tw-ring-offset-shadow{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:0 0 #0000}@property --tw-outline-style{syntax:"*";inherits:false;initial-value:solid}@property --tw-blur{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-brightness{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-contrast{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-grayscale{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-hue-rotate{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-invert{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-opacity{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-saturate{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-sepia{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-drop-shadow{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-drop-shadow-color{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-drop-shadow-alpha{syntax:"<percentage>";inherits:false;initial-value:100%}@property --tw-drop-shadow-size{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-backdrop-blur{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-backdrop-brightness{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-backdrop-contrast{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-backdrop-grayscale{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-backdrop-hue-rotate{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-backdrop-invert{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-backdrop-opacity{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-backdrop-saturate{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-backdrop-sepia{syntax:"*";inherits:false}